Overview

Hiccups occur when a spasm contracts the diaphragm. This is a large sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. The spasm causes an intake of breath that is suddenly stopped by the closing of the vocal cords. This closure causes the "hiccup" sound.

A very full stomach can cause hiccups. This can happen from eating too much food too quickly or swallowing too much air. These hiccups will stop on their own.

Most hiccups go away on their own within a few minutes to a few hours and don't require any treatment.

Hiccups that last longer than 48 hours are called persistent hiccups. Hiccups that last longer than a month are called intractable hiccups. Both kinds of hiccups may be a sign of a more serious health problem. Tests may be needed to help find the cause.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• Try these safe and easy home remedies if your hiccups are making you uncomfortable.
  • Eat a teaspoon of sugar.
  • Hold your breath and count slowly to 10.
  • Quickly drink a glass of cold water.
• If your doctor prescribed medicine, take it as directed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.

How can you prevent them?

• Take steps to avoid swallowing air:
  • Eat slowly. Avoid gulping food or drinks.
  • Chew your food thoroughly before you swallow.
  • Avoid drinking through a straw.
  • Avoid chewing gum or eating hard candy.
  • Do not smoke or use other tobacco products.
  • If you wear dentures, check with a dentist to make sure they fit properly.
• Avoid getting too full when you eat.
• Don't drink too much alcohol at one time.
• Avoid sudden changes in stomach temperature, such as drinking a hot beverage and then a cold beverage.
• Try to limit emotional stress or getting too excited.