Overview

Infection by bacteria or a virus causes most sore throats. Cigarette smoke, dry air, air pollution, allergies, or yelling can also cause a sore throat. Sore throats can be painful and annoying. Fortunately, most sore throats go away on their own. If you have a bacterial infection, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics.
• Gargle with warm salt water several times a day to help reduce swelling and relieve pain. Mix ½ teaspoon (2.1 mL) of salt in 1 cup (250 mL) of warm water.
• Take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). Read and follow all instructions on the label. No one younger than 18 should take aspirin. It has been linked to Reye syndrome, a serious illness.
• Be careful when taking over-the-counter cold or influenza (flu) medicines and Tylenol at the same time. Many of these medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Read the labels to make sure that you are not taking more than the recommended dose. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Fluids may help soothe an irritated throat. Hot fluids, such as tea or soup, may help decrease throat pain.
• Use over-the-counter throat lozenges to soothe pain. Regular cough drops or hard candy may also help.
• Do not smoke or allow others to smoke around you. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor about stop-smoking programs and medicines. These can increase your chances of quitting for good.
• Use a vaporizer or humidifier to add moisture to your bedroom. Follow the directions for cleaning the machine.