Overview

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a very effective method of birth control. It is a small, plastic, T-shaped device that uses copper or hormones to prevent pregnancy. The healthcare provider places the IUD into your uterus. Plastic strings tied to the end of the IUD hang down through the cervix into the vagina. Your healthcare provider may teach you how to check the placement of your IUD by feeling the strings.

You can have an IUD inserted at any time, as long as you aren't pregnant and you don't have a pelvic infection. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider about any health problems you have or medicines you take. The IUD can also be placed right after you have a baby.

There are two types of IUDs. The copper IUD works for 10 years. The hormonal IUD works for 5 years. Talk to your healthcare provider about which IUD is right for you and how long you can use it. The hormonal IUD also usually reduces menstrual bleeding and cramping.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• It's safe to use while breastfeeding.
• You may experience some mild cramping and light bleeding (spotting) for 1 or 2 days. Use a hot water bottle or a heating pad set on low on your belly for pain.
• With a hormonal IUD, there is a chance of side effects, such as headaches, tender breasts, acne, or mood changes. These will likely go away after the first 3 months.
• Take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), and naproxen (Aleve) if needed. Read and follow all instructions on the label.
• Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the healthcare provider told you to. Many pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful.
• If you want to check the string of your IUD, insert a finger into your vagina and feel for the cervix, which is at the top of the vagina and feels harder than the rest of your vagina. You should be able to feel the thin, plastic string coming out of the opening of your cervix. If you cannot feel the string, use another form of birth control and make an appointment with your healthcare provider to have the string checked.
• If the IUD comes out, save it and call your healthcare provider or nurse advice line. Be sure to use another form of birth control while the IUD is out.
• Use condoms to protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. An IUD does not protect you from STIs.